The Role of Reciting Al-Quran on Solving psychological problem in Speaking English Performance of PBI Islamic State of Ar-Raniry university Students

A.    Abstract

English as international language is very important in this era. Especially for speaking, people cannot be said as know English language without speaking ability. However many students of  islamic state Ar-Raniry university have difficulties in speaking activity and most of them cannot speak because of psychological factors truly affects negatively the students’ English speaking performance. One of ways that can help them to solve their problem is by receting Quran. So, the aim of this study is to find out whether reciting Quran activity has a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English or does not have a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English and to find out the students’ perception about reciting Quran has a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English or does not have a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English. The way to determine the sample in a population of this study is by purposive sampling with choose some students who have a set of various traits or character specifically from the population. In getting and collecting the data the writer used open questionnaire technique which enable the respondent to give alternative answer or opinion out of the answer. 

B.     Background of Study

English becomes the most essential language in the world. Almost all of people from many different countries around the world use it to communicate. People who know a language are referred  to as “speakers” of that language therefore speaking seems to be the most important skills of all the four skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing), as according to David, In the international relationship, English speaking ability is very important to be able to participate in the wider world of work. The speaking skill is measured in terms of the ability to carry out a conversation in the language” (David, 2001 : 89).

However, Based on oral test which was given on 13  januari 2017  to students of Ar-Raniry university showed that many of them have difficulties in speaking activity and most of them cannot speak because of psychological factor truly affects negatively the students’ English speaking performance. Although most of the students think that they have good level of English vocabulary and grammar, they are insecure while speaking English. Most of the problems were (1) Cannot be focus on the speaker in communication (2) stress when facing the bad feedback in communication (3) uncontroled emotion when speaking.

One of ways that can solve their problem is by reciting Al-Quran. According to Very Julianto and Magda Bhinnety Etsem (2011, P.20) receting Al-Quran effect the short-term memory. It is about: stress, attention and emotion.

The direct impact of stress on memory is the spreading of attention to the new information. Reading the Quran can lower one's stress level because Quran gives calmness (Hawari 1997). According to Ashby, Isen & Tuken (1999) in real life, the ability of someone's memory disrupted because of distracted. Read Al-Quran can influence the focus of attention. Someone that read Quran requires a process that more complex than with read regular reading books. In read Quran, someone must concentrate and focus on What that be read. Starting from view alphabet, punctuation and long or short (harokat), must be considered carefully. This matter can make someone can focus more on attention and concentrate. Attention itself can be affected by many things (Matlin, 1998). False one thing that affects attention is a factor of one's emotions. Hawari (1997) states that the verses of the Quran many contains the guidance for human in their life of this world free from anxiety, tension, and depression.

For these reasons, the writer is interested in analyzing the effect of reciting Al-Quran toward psychological problem in Speaking English Performance of PBI islamic state Ar-Raniry university Students. Therefore, this study has been entitle “The Role of Reciting Al-Quran on Solving Psychological Problem in Speaking English Performance of PBI Islamic State Ar-Raniry University Students”

C.    Research question

1.)      Is reciting Al-Quran activity has a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English?

2.)      What  is students’ perception about  reciting Al-Quran activity?

D.    Hypothesis

1.)      Ha: Reciting Al-Quran activity has a role to solve students’ psychological  problem in speaking English

2.)      Ho: Reciting Al-Quran activity does not have a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English

E. Significance of study

1.)  It is good for the teacher, if students often recite the Quran in speaking therefore their psychological problems will be solved. So that, they will be easier to speak which is essential in a process of teaching and learning in speaking class. If the students are able to speak well then learning process also will be more effective.

3.)    For students. It is good for them because if students often recite the Quran in speaking therefore their psychological problems will be solved. They will be easier to speak, they also will be easier to pull out their opinion when studying in class speaking and be able to respond to the lecturer or class mate.

4.)    The last is for the campus. It is beneficial for islamic state university of Ar-Raniry Because we know by reciting Quran the sudents will speak well and beside that they are automatically will often to interact with Quran therefore make them be pious. It relate with first point of the campus vision; gave birth to scholars who have academic ability, vocational competitive, future-oriented and noble character.

E. The aim of study

The main purpose of this study are:

1.)   To find out whether reciting Al-Quran activity has a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English or cannot solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English

2.)  To find out the students’ perception about reciting Al-Quran does not have a role to solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English.

F. Literature Review

1.)    Effect of reciting the Qur'an

Reciting Qur’an has relation with psychological of human. It works on human memory therefore will effect to the human speaking. According to  Very Julianto and Magda Bhinnety Etsem, there are some processes and areas of the brain are involved when people read the Quran and its relationship with short-term memory, among others:

a.       Visualization. Areas involved in the process of reading the Quran visualization, among others in the primary visual area (area 17) and visual association areas (area 18 and area 19) in the occipital lobe. In reading the Quran, one must concentrate and focus on what is read. Starting from seeing the letters, punctuation and short length, must be considered carefully. It can make a person can focus on attention and concentration.

b.      Hearing.

Areas involved in the process of hearing the reading of the Quran, among others in the area of ​​primary auditory areas (areas 41 and 42) and the auditory association area (area 22) located in the temporal lobe. Research from Abdurrohman (2007) showed that listening murotal Koran can promote calmness. This is evident from a significant increase in delta waves.

c.       Aspects of Language.

At the time of reading with the sound, active area is the area Brocha (areas 44 and 45) and Wernicke's area. Saifuddin (1983) stated in the Qoran there is the beauty of language, accuracy, and balance, with a depth of meaning, richness and accuracy, ease of understanding, and the power of the resulting impression.

d.      More complex cognitive functions.

This process occurs in the prefrontal cortex (CPF). When reading the Quran accompanied by understanding the meaning of it will lead to interpretations and thoughts of the verse being read.

e.       Deity.

Aspects of the deity is still a mystery to the world of neuroscience. But some scientists believe that there are areas that are involved when humans relate to his god. There is an area that is believed to be the point of god (God Spot) in a human being that is in the parietal and temporal area (Zohar and Marshall, 2000; Pasiak, 2003).

In conclusion, when Quran effects human brain that means Quran will effects psychological human in speaking.

G. Research Methodology

1.)    Research design

Subjects in this study amounted four female students PBI of Islamic state Ar-Raniry University. The writer choose the subject of research by using purposive sampling technique. The way to determine the sample in a population is by purposive sampling with choose some students which the writer want who has a set of various traits that are character specifically from the population. Criteria subject which is in the population is women; women who was just migrated (in the past she rare to recite the Quran, now often recite the Quran), PBI students in Ar-Raniry university, has an psychological disorder background in speaking.

2.)      Research Instrument

To know the effectiveness of reciting AL-Quran for solve students’ psychological problem, the writer interviews the four students which were chosen. The questionnaire  consists of four questions.

3.)    Data analysis

Questions	Percentage answer
	Agree	Disagree
1.   Do you agree, if one of problems in English speaking now day is many students that have good level of English vocabulary and grammar to speak but  cannot speak because of cannot focus on speaker, cannot control emotion or cannot be calm to face bad feedback in communication, therefore cannot speak anything?	100 %	0
2.   Your emotion will be stable when you often to recite Al-qur’an?	100 %	0
3.   Your attention will not be spreaded if you often recite Al-qur’an?	100 %	0
4.   You will be calm when you face bad feedback in communication?	100 %	0

ü  For first question, they are agree, if one of problems in English speaking now day is many students that have good level of English vocabulary and grammar to speak but  cannot speak because of cannot focus on speaker, cannot control emotion or cannot be calm to face bad feedback in communication, therefore cannot speak anything

ü  For second question, their emotion will be stable when they often to recite Al-qur’an.

ü  For third question, they are agree that their attention will not be spreaded when they often recite Al-qur’an.

ü  The last is fourth question, they are agree that they will be calm when they face bad feedback in communication.

From data above we know that, all of respondents are agree that psychological is one of  students’ problems in speaking and they are also agree that Al-qur’an can solve their psychological problems in speaking.

4.)    Data Collection and Procedure

In this study, the writer need the data from the students and want to know all of information connected with the problem. In getting and collecting the data the writer used open questionnaires technique which enable the respondent to give alternative answer or opinion out of the answer.

5.)    Population and sample

The population of this study is all of PBI Islamic State Ar-Raniry university students. The sample is four students which the writer want who has a set of various traits that are character specifically from the population. Criteria subject which is in the population is women; women who was just migrated (in the past she rare to recite the Qur’an, now often recite the Quran), PBI students in Ar-Raniry university, has a background psychological disorder in speaking.

H.  Result and Discussion

The students who have been given the questions totally agree if Quran activity can solve students’ psychological problem in speaking English

ü  For first question, they are agree, if one of problems in English speaking now day is many students that have good level of English vocabulary and grammar to speak but  cannot speak because of cannot focus on speaker, cannot control emotion or cannot be calm to face bad feedback in communication, therefore cannot speak anything.

ü  For second question, their emotion will be stable when they often to recite Al-Quran.

ü  For third question, they are agree that their attention will not be spreaded when they often recite Al-qur’an.

ü  The last is fourth question, they are agree that they will be calm when they face bad feedback in communication.

Actually, the problem comes because of their psychology factors which can effect their memory and it has consequences on students’ speaking performance. So that, Quran is the best solution because:

a.    Quran has a role to lower one's stress level because Qur'an gives calmness (Hawari 1997).

b.      In read Quran, someone must concentrate and focus on What that be read. Starting from view alphabet, punctuation and long or short (harokat), must be considered carefully. This matter can make someone can focus more on attention and concentrate. Attention itself can be affected by many things (Matlin, 1998).

c.       verses of the Qur’an many contains the guidance for human in their life of this world free from anxiety, tension, and depression.

I.     Conclusion

In this fast communicative world, communicative competence is very important. Espesially for PBI islamic state Ar-Raniry university Students. However, speaking English still becomes problem for them. One of reasons why they cannot to speak not only about lack of vocabulary or lack of grammar ability, but it because of their psychology. One of good solution to solve their problem is by reciting Quran.

Beside Quran is good base on many theoris, it also proved from the answer of respondents. They feel that Quran can solve their problems in speaking, they become easier to speak after often to recite Quran.

.

Reference

Ashby, F.G., Isen, M. & Turken, A. (1999). A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition. Psychological review

Brown, David. (2007). Teaching by Principles. New York: Longman

Julianto, Very and Magda Bhinnety Etsem. (2011). The Effect of Reciting Holy Qur’an toward Short-term Memory Ability Analysed trought the Changing Brain Wave. Jakarta.

Hawari, D. (1997). Do’a dan dzikir. Jakarta: Dana Bakti Primayasa.

Matlin, M.W. (1998). Cognition, 4th edition. Texas: Harcout Brace College Publisher Fort Worth.